His books include understanding football hooliganism 2006, understanding lone wolf terrorism. Global patterns, motivation, and prevention 2012, and sport. Download understanding lone wolf terrorism in pdf and epub formats for free. Matthew feldman, times higher education, may, 2012. Explaining lone wolf target selection in the united states. This study also reveals that the vast majority of this violence is coming from lone wolves or leaderless resistance groups, most of the latter composed of just two men. Ramon spaaij differentiates lone wolf terrorists from other types of. Ramon spaaijs slim but highly significant account is the first to crunch the numbers on lonewolf terrorism.
Chapter 6 is especially interesting in a look at the data mining analysis being done that could possibly identify terrorists. Recently, a group of researchers from the netherlands and the united kingdom analyzed 55 cases of terrorist attacks committed by lone attackers, looking to see what these attacks had in common. A lone wolf initiative was later added in an attempt to identify potential lone attackers before they can act violently. They write that stochastic terrorism is the method of international recruitment used by isis, and they refer to anwar alawlaki and alex jones as stochastic. The book is divided into twelve chapters that discuss the definition of lone wolf terrorism, the demographic characteristics of. Research needs to be done specifically for incidents in europe and lone wolves should be compared to other groups, like school shooters.
Lone wolf terrorism a brief bibliography homeland security. The empirical basis for the book is a study of american lone wolf terrorism we conducted for the national institute of justice between 2012 and 2015. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. First of all, research on lone wolf terrorism is necessary for policy implications. In their 2017 book age of lone wolf terrorism, criminologist mark s. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading lone wolf. According to spaaij 2010 in the enigma of lone wolf terrorism. This paper aims to outline an initial theoretical framework that will allow for comparisons between lone wolf terrorism and related nonterrorist lone actor phenomena, which can enable policy transfer with regard to detection, prevention and treatment. Pdf on oct 1, 2015, jasonleigh striegher and others published understanding lone wolf terrorism. The age of lone wolf terrorism columbia university press. This mistaken view often leads to the conclusion that fighting terrorism is like waging a war with large military units. However, the rise of the selfradicalized lone wolf terrorist has created an increasing dilemma in todays security environment. Hamm and sociologist ramon spaaij discuss stochastic terrorism as a form of indirect enabling of terrorists.
In the age of lone wolf terrorism, terrorism experts mark s. Understanding lone wolf terrorism global patterns, motivations. Understanding the growing threat kindle edition by simon, jeffrey d. Ramon spaaij s slim but highly significant account is the first to crunch the numbers on lone wolf terrorism. Paul gills book summarizes how, in the 1990s united states, rightwing. How can lone wolf terrorism be effectively countered. In an appendix titled defining lone wolf terrorism, simon usefully discusses shades of gray in his word choices. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading lone wolf terrorism. The prevalence of lone wolf terrorism is not limited to radical islamism, but is also prominent among white supremacists, such as anders breivik of norway, and antiabortion activists. A datadriven analysis of individual terrorists in the united states since 911. Global patterns, motivations and prevention heidelberg, london, new york.
Understanding a growing threat, in lone actors an emerging security threat, ed. To say that lone wolf terrorism is a neglected field of research is an understatement. It is also the culmination of a lot of hard thinking about the interior world and entanglements of that most quintessentially american iteration of con temporary terrorism. Leaders of al qaeda prompted their followers to take part in independent acts of violence against their perceived enemies at any given moment. Trends and developments in lone wolf terrorism in the western. Secretary napolitano stressed that there was no reason to think that domestic lone wolf attacks would not continue. In the aftermath of the boston marathon terrorist attack, america can learn a few vital lessons on how to stop the next lone wolftype assault. Lone wolf terrorism introduction problem background and significance in the united states terrorism incidents such as the attack in 1995 in oklahoma by timothy mcveigh and the september 11th attack in 2001, have led to the realization that lone wolf terrorism posses a grave threat to the safety of the public. Oct 24, 2017 terrorist attacks perpetrated by people acting alone come seemingly out of nowhere, but they have the potential to cause devastating loss. The discussion is almost certain to cause disagreement among those who read it carefully, as the authors case for his use of the word terrorism isnt altogether convincing. Still, apart from scholarly articles in such specialist venues as the journal of terrorism and political violence, the literature is relatively sparse.
However, it is noteworthy to mention that, in real life, not only security agents, but also lone wolves face challenges. Perhaps surprisingly, ramon spaaij s slim but highly significant account is the first to crunch the numbers on lone wolf terrorism. Some t approaches addressed, perspectives on terrorism 5, no. An assessment the term lone wolf terrorism encompasses terrorist attacks which are carried out by one person, who does not belong to an organised terrorist group.
We therefore examine these aspects exclusively on the basis of the five cases. Beydoun abstractthe recent spike in mass shootings, topped by the october 1, 2017, las vegas massacre, dubbed the deadliest mass shooting in modern u. Attacks carried out by individuals is no new phenomenon, however, it is noteworthy that in the past two years several attacks or attempts at attack in western countries. Preventing the next lone wolf terrorist attack requires. Whereas that study, by a lonewolf specialist, was concise and quantitative, this account by terrorism consultant jeffrey simon is expansive and qualitative. Trends and developments in lone wolf terrorism in the. This study also reveals that the vast majority of this violence is coming from lone wolves or leaderless resistance groups, most of. Key issues and research agendas in lone wolf terrorism. Pdf download understanding lone wolf terrorism free.
A new era in terrorism is emerging and the lone wolf is at the forefront. Hamm and ramon spaaij provides the national security. Using gustav freytags triangle and rational choice theory, it is shown that lone wolf terrorism must be examined by the united states government to ensure safety of its citizens. The definitions incorporated in the literature concerning lone wolf terrorism do not differ greatly. The psychology of lonewolf terrorism article pdf available in counselling psychology quarterly 242. Lone wolf or lone wolves and terrorism or terrorist. A comparative analysis with violent hate crimes and groupbased terrorism. For the years between 1970 and 2010, i combined terroristgroupattack data from the global terrorism database with lonewolfattack data from ramon spaaijs book. May 03, 2012 understanding lone wolf terrorism thus comes at a welcome time and succeeds in making this complex phenomenon comprehensible. Understanding lone wolf terrorism book also available for read online, mobi, docx and mobile and kindle reading. Hamm and ramon spaaij combine criminological theory with empirical and ethnographic research to map the pathways of lone wolf radicalization, helping with the identification of suspected behaviors and recognizing patterns of indoctrination. Hot on the heels of ramon spaaijs understanding lone wolf terrorism, this is the second book on this resurgent phenomenon in. Spaaij s book presents in many ways the state of art in understanding lone wolf terrorism at the moment and makes a major contribution to the literature.
The age of lone wolf terrorism, coauthored by hamm and spaaij, examines the phenomenon of lone wolf terrorism in an attempt to delineate patterns that could help policy and law makers to identify and prevent terrorist incidents committed by single individuals. Lone wolf terrorism a brief bibliography updated august 2019 show summary open resource pdf open full abstract this bibliography, compiled by greta e. Global patterns, motivations and prevention springerbriefs in criminology ramon spaaij on. Marlatt at the naval postgraduate school, contains a list of resources related to lone wolf terrorism. Drawing on extensive international data and qualitative case studies, it examines the global patterns in and key features of lone wolf terrorism over the past four decades. Department of homeland security, told a congressional hearing that domestic lone wolf terrorism was a growing threat to the nation understanding the homeland threat landscape, 2011. In fact, it will be hard to write about lone wolf terrorism in western countries without taking this book into account.
The purpose of this analysis is to describe the threat from solo terrorism and lone wolf terrorism against the west, including against denmark. Oct 02, 2017 for the years between 1970 and 2010, i combined terroristgroupattack data from the global terrorism database with lonewolfattack data from ramon spaaijs book understanding lone wolf. Another is ramon spaaijs 2011 book, understanding lone wolf terrorism. Lone wolf terrorism is a wakeup call to those who view terrorism solely as a threat that comes from large groups acting through wellorganized networks. From anders breivik in norway, who murdered scores of young people in a bombing and massshooting attack, to nidal malik hasan in the united states, who killed many of his fellow soldiers after opening fire at a military base, lone wolves have demonstrated that they can.
This is important, but a longstanding concern that often goes without much conversation is the domestic lone wolf terrorist. Strategies for dealing with lone wolf terrorism chapter 7. The ability of law enforcement and intelligence communities to detect and prevent lone wolf terrorism demands a clear understanding of these radicalization processes. Understanding lone wolf terrorism thus comes at a welcome time and succeeds in making this complex phenomenon comprehensible. The violent true believer as a lone wolf psychoanalytic perspectives on terrorism j.
Global patterns, motivations and prevention london. The threat from solo terrorism and lone wolf terrorism 5. Lone wolf terrorism was adopted by al qaeda after september 11, 2001, when us military forces attacked its operational base in afghanistan. One of the first indepth analyses of lone wolf terrorism, this publication sets out to answer these questions.
May 02, 20 hot on the heels of ramon spaaijs understanding lone wolf terrorism, this is the second book on this resurgent phenomenon in as many years. The age of lone wolf terrorism a massive study of lone actor terrorism in the united statesis the product of years of patient and dogged empirical investigation. A profile of the lone wolf terrorist allpsych blog. Search terms used to help compileupdate this bibliography include.
This type of emerging terrorism is increasingly found among rightwing reactionaries and religiously radicalized jihadists. The violent true believer as a lone wolf psychoanalytic. Jessica sterns detailed, interviewbased research remains a vital source. Next, it is necessary to distinguish lone wolf terrorism from other forms of terrorism. Domestic terrorism and related radical violence as opposed to terrorist attacks emanating from abroad continue to plague the nation. Perhaps surprisingly, ramon spaaijs slim but highly significant account is the first to crunch the numbers on lonewolf terrorism.
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